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段落1 I’m often asked to define“The Sharing Economy”.Well，I think it is high time to discuss this issue with you now.Obviously，a clear definition is needed to help those working to create a Sharing Economy.The Sharing Economy is a socio-economic system built around the sharing of human and physical resources.It refers to the sharing of creation，production，trade and consumption of goods and services by different people and organizations.The Sharing Economy has the following main features：First of all，people are at the heart of a Sharing Economy；it is a People’s Economy.The participants of a Sharing Economy are individuals，communities，companies，and organizations.They are all deeply embedded in a highly efficient sharing system；and they all contribute to it and benefit from it.In a Sharing Economy，people create，collaborate，produce and trade person-to-person. 段落2 In a Sharing Economy，people，organizations and communities produce goods and services collectively.Production is open to those who wish to produce，and there is no threshold for entry.Internet technologies enable the development of products and services in a collective manner，breaking geographical barriers.3D printing shortens supply chains and increases efficiency.Social responsibility is strong and public services are provided by families and friends，local communities，charities，businesses and government. 段落3 In a Sharing Economy，value is seen not purely as financial value；wider economic，environmental and social values are equally important.The Sharing Economy is based on both material and social rewards and encourages the most efficient use of resources.This hybrid incentive system enables people to engage in creative activities.In a Sharing Economy，so-called waste has value，too.It is viewed as a resource placed in the wrong place.A Sharing Economy enables waste to be put where it is needed.In a Sharing Economy，resources are distributed via an efficient system on a local，regional，national and global scale.Shared ownership models such as cooperatives，collective purchasing and collaborative consumption are key features of a Sharing Economy，and they promote a fair distribution of assets that benefits society as a whole.Idle resources are traded with people who need them. 段落4 The system uses technology to trade unused assets，generating value for people，communities and companies.Being a member of a car club，for example，and paying for using a car，is better than owning a car and bearing the cost of keeping it.A Sharing Economy puts both people and the environment first.It operates in harmony with the available natural resources，not at their expense.It promotes the flourishing of human life within environmental limits.Environmental responsibility，including paying compensation for environmental damage，is shared by people，organizations，and governments.Goods and services within a Sharing Economy are designed for sustainability.They not only promote the reuse of resources，but also improve the natural environment. 段落5 In a Sharing Economy，information is shared；it is open and accessible.Information can be used by different individuals，communities or organizations and in different ways for different purposes.Technology enables free flow of information and supports the sharing of information.A Sharing Economy thus promotes education by enabling everyone to access the information，skills and tools they need.Yes，the Sharing Economy is still in its infancy，but this is just the beginning.It has the potential to develop into a new system based on sharing and collaboration；and it will profoundly transform the human society as we know it.

段落1 This evening is an opportunity for Britain and China to come together.A chance to identify our shared ambitions，our mutual strengths and the opportunities we have to work together to shape the future of global trade.But，first and foremost，we are here tonight to celebrate the upcoming Great Britain Festival of Innovation.The festival，which will take place in March in Hong Kong，will bring together some of the UK and Asia’s most pioneering companies.It will be a gathering like no other-an opportunity to share innovations that will drive the future of free trade and for businesses to build lifelong partnerships.It is this spirit of friendship and commonality that I wish to speak to you about tonight.It is fitting that this evening we are gathered in Shenzhen，a city with innovation in its DNA. 段落2 Shenzhen，as the technological capital of China，is the engine room that will power China in the age of the fourth industrial revolution.In a matter of decades，Shenzhen has transformed from a small fishing village into a dynamic and youthful city with a population of more than 11 million.Much of this success has been down to this city’s dynamism，and its dedication to technical advancement，with research and development investment accounting for 4% of GDP-double the national average-and patent applications standing at the highest in China for 10 consecutive years.Across this city，some of the world’s most talented minds are coming together to design tomorrow’s technology.Shenzhen is a world-leading producer of drones，electric cars and DNA sequencing machines. 段落3 But I am here this evening to talk about what the United Kingdom can offer Shenzhen.Yesterday，I had several hours of constructive and positive talks with Commerce Minister Zhong Shan where we discussed the opportunities that result from the complementary nature of our economies.Technology is clearly one but there are others.Another lies in food and drink.China will need to ensure that there is a sufficient supply of quality foodstuffs available for its growing population and especially its burgeoning middle class.We must work together in the months ahead to ensure that we address any concerns that Chinese authorities have so that the Chinese people can enjoy the benefits that quality UK beef，lamb and poultry can bring.Our already growing exports of food and drink can improve further with the liftiing of market access barriers. 段落4 There is a great opportunity to be ambitious about our future trading relationship to the benefit of both sides.We will continue to explore all our options together.When the UK voted in 2016 to leave the European Union，there were many around the world that portrayed the result as a symptom of insularity.They predicted that Britain would be turning in on itself，abdicating its international responsibilities and severing global ties.I am here to tell you that nothing could be further from the truth. 段落5 Instead，last year’s referendum vote to leave the European Union has offered us an unprecedented opportunity.For the first time in more than 4 decades，we have the opportunity to forge new trading partnerships around the world，with old friends and new allies alike.We are building a Global Britain-a country that champions commercial freedoms，prizes international talent，and helps the world’s most dynamic and innovative enterprises to reach their potential.

段落1 核能自诞生以来，为人类的经济社会发展做出了巨大贡献，同时其蕴含的巨大风险也有目共睹。福岛核事故后，一些国家做出了限制甚至放弃发展核能的决策。但在中方看来，核能在保障能源安全、促进经济发展、应对气候变化等方面的作用在相当一段时期内是无法用其他能源方式取代的。因此，我们不能因为发生一两次核事故就彻底扼杀核能的未来。段落2 当然，开发利用核能必须以确保安全为前提。核能是清洁的，也必须是安全的。中方主张，国际社会应通过合作，致力于提高全球范围内的核能安全水平，确保核能以安全的方式为人类造福。任何开发利用核能的国家，都应切实负起核能安全的责任，建立适当的核能基础架构，严格履行相关国际公约义务，加强核安全审查和监管，重视安全文化和人员培训，建立有效的核事故应急机制。段落3 各国应该充分利用各种渠道和机制，加强核安全国际交流与合作，提高核安全能力。拥有先进核技术和核安全经验的国家，应当积极向他国，特别是发展中国家提供核安全援助。国际社会要加强对核事故的共同应对，确保外界，特别是可能受到影响的国家及时获得核事故信息。同时，要做到“一方有难，八方支援”。段落4 开发利用核能是中国政府在深思熟虑基础上做出的战略决策。在发展核能过程中，中国政府始终高度重视核安全问题，始终坚持安全第一的原则，保持着良好的核安全纪录。中方愿与国际社会一道，积极参与相关国际讨论，共同寻求加强核能安全的有效途径，为促进全球核能安全发展做出应有贡献。

段落1 “中国制造2025”，是我们根据中国目前的工业化水平、放眼未来制定的战略计划，核心内容是要提高中国产品和中国装备的质量和水平。“中国制造”今天可以说是已经享誉全球，但是质量总体还处于中低端。中国装备的总体水平也不高，还需要引进国外的装备。我们的目的就是要在中外合作中，推动中国装备的水平向智能化的方向发展，在现有的层次上不断提高质量。段落2 现在对“中国制造2025”有一种误解，好像我们出台的这些政策，目的是将来不再购买国外装备了。这是不可能的。因为这是一个全球化的世界，企业购买装备由它们自主选择。任何一个国家都愿意提高本国装备的质量和水平，这本身无可非议。但是如果关起门来干，在全球化的条件下等于是“闭门造车”，是不行的。段落3 “中国制造2025”的实施会给中外企业带来巨大的市场机遇。中国企业要提高产品制造的质量，必须提高工艺水平和装备水平。在这个提高过程中，我们需要同发达国家合作，未来会有更多的国外装备制造产品和技术进入中国市场。而国外装备在中国要争取更大的市场，则需要把产品本地化。段落4 比如美国通用汽车在中国市场占据了相当份额，它是和中国企业合资，按照中国的道路状况、气候条件等对其车辆进行了改造，所以在中国的市场份额不断扩大。这种合作是企业自愿、有利于开拓中国市场甚至第三方市场的。中国政府不允许中国企业强迫合资方转让技术，更不允许出现侵犯知识产权的行为。只要是外国企业在中国注册，中国政府将给予同内资企业一样的政策支持。

段落1 Ladies and Gentlemen， Today，more than 95 percent of Asians live in middle-income countries，compared to less than 10 percent 20 years ago.This remarkable shift was mainly driven by rapid economic growth in China，India，and Indonesia and other Asian countries.The challenge you face now is：Can Asia，which is largely a middle-income region，make a successful transition to high-income status?The experience of other developing countries in the last 50 years suggests this will not be easy.Brazil and Colombia have remained middle-income countries for decades without being able to move up further.Yet the transition of Singapore from a middle to a high-income country in only 25 years shows that it can be done. 段落2 Investing in infrastructure remains critical as countries transition from middle to high income.But countries attempting this transition must make greater efforts to boost productivity growth；they should make more efficient use of inputs rather than simply increasing inputs.Over the past five decades，productivity growth has accounted for almost 30 percent of economic growth for those countries that transitioned to high income status.To boost productivity，Asia’s middle-income countries should focus on increasing innovation，developing high-quality infrastructure，and enhancing human capital.Innovation has become more important as an economy advances.Innovation creates more products and increases their value，which leads to higher productivity and better wages. 段落3 Enhanced human capital，which means building a more skilled and knowledgeable workforce，is fundamental for an advanced economy.High quality human capital spurs growth and promotes equity.A recent study shows that a 20 percent increase in human capital spending can boost productivity by 3 percent and narrow the income gap by 4 percent.Middle-income countries have an average of just 6 years of schooling.They therefore need to close the education gaps with high-income countries，which average more than 10 years at school.But even more important is the quality of education.In math and science tests，15-year-old students in advanced countries outperform those of middle-income countries.Students with strong abilities in reading，writing and solving problems are more likely to become innovators.There is a direct linkage between increase in funding for education and growth in GDP. 段落4 Different countries prioritize different types of infrastructure.Low-income countries focus first on meeting such basic needs as water supply，public health and transport.As their economies grow，they attach more importance to electricity supply and information technology.Information technologies promote innovation by creating and spreading knowledge.Middle-income countries with more internet users do better than other middle-income countries in terms of innovation.By increasing investment in information technologies，countries can boost innovation and productivity，thereby lifting incomes. 段落5 To encourage innovation and entrepreneurship，the Asian countries should also promote intellectual property protection and rule of law，better access to financing，and effective policies to encourage competition.Asia also needs to invest a total of $26 trillion from 2016 to 2030 in infrastructure so that it can ease the impact of climate change.To meet the needs，Asian countries should increase public funding through tax reform，change spending structure and borrow prudently.But funding shortages will remain.To address this issue，Asian countries should attract private foreign investment by improving their investment climate.They should forge partnership with private investors and offer higher retums to them.Let me conclude with this remark：Asia has already come so far so quickly.Joining high-income countries through sustained growth can be done.It’s the next natural step.

段落1 I’m going to talk about where technology is going.I think one of the chief tendencies in technology today is to make things smarter and smarter.I call it artificial intelligence，or AI.When we use AI，we get robots.And robots are going to be doing many of the tasks that are now done by us.They’re going to redefine our jobs and create whole new types of tasks that we didn’t know before.And I think that’s going to be one of the most influential developments in our society in the next 20 years. 段落2 Of course，we already have artificial intelligence.And often it works in the background，in the back offices of hospitals，where it’s used to diagnose X-rays better than a human doctor.It’s in legal offices，where it’s used to go through legal evidence better than a human lawyer.It’s used to fly planes.During a flight，pilots only fly the plane for seven to eight minutes，the rest of the time the AI drives.And of course，in Amazon and Alibaba，it’s in the background，making those smart recommendations.So，AI is already here.There is an example we can use：with the win of the Alpha Go，who beat the world’s greatest Go champion.But it’s more than that.Ifyou play a video game，you’re playing against an AI.But recently，Google taught their AI to actually learn how to play video games.So，teaching video games had already been done，but learning how to play a video game is another step.That is artificial smartness. 段落3 There are two aspects to this general trend that I think are not well appreciated.First，our own intelligence has a very poor understanding of what intelligence is.We tend to think of intelligence as a single dimension.It starts with an IQ measurement，very low IQ in a rat，and more in a monkey，and then more in an average person like myself，and then more in a genius.But that’s completely wrong.That’s not what intelligence is.Human intelligence is much more like a symphony of different instruments，and each sound is played by a different instrument. 段落4 Second，we are going to use AI to make a second Industrial Revolution.The first Industrial Revolution was based on what I would call artificial power.Previous to that，during the Agricultural Revolution，everything that was made had to be made with human muscle or animal power.That was the only way to get anything done.The great innovation during the Industrial Revolution was that we harnessed steam power and fossil fuels in order to make an artificial power that we could use to do anything we wanted to do.So today when you drive a car on the highway，you can easily use the power of 250 horses，that is，250 horsepower.With artificial power，we can build skyscrapers and make factories that turn out products way beyond our own power. 段落5 And that artificial power can also be distributed on wires on a grid to every home，factory，farm，so that anybody can buy that artificial power.And now we’re going to do the same thing with Artificial Intelligence.You can add some AI，and now you have a smart anything.And，multiplied by a million times，it’s going to be the second Industrial Revolution.So now the car is going down the highway，it’s 250 horsepower，but in addition，it is an auto-driven car.AI is going to flow across the grid-the cloud-in the same way electricity did.

段落1 两千年前，中国人发明了指南针、火药、造纸和印刷术，被称之为中国四大发明，极大地促进了世界文明的发展。改革开放使中国发生了巨大变化。现在很多外国朋友来中国，发现中国又有了新的四大发明：高铁、手机支付、共享单车和网购。段落2 中国高铁的发展领先世界。在仅仅十来年的时间里，中国建成了横跨全国的高铁网，长度超过2.2万公里，占全世界高铁线路的65%以上。从首都北京到中国最大城市上海的高铁长1300公里，时速达到350公里，而价格只有大约70欧元。高铁正在改变中国人的出行方式。段落3 在中国，无论在哪里，用手机支付都非常方便。出门，无论打车、用餐、购物，看电影，只要带一部手机就可付账。去年，4亿中国人使用手机支付，金额高达5.5万亿元。中国正在进入无现金社会，成为世界上手机支付最先进的国家。段落4 过去几年，共享单车在中国出现了爆发性的发展，不论大小城市，共享单车处处可见。你可以随处租用，在任何地点归还。只要在手机上安装一个APP，就可以开锁用车，手机付费也非常方便。共享单车使人们重新选择自行车这一健康方式出行。段落5 网上购物改变了中国人的购物方式。今天，5亿中国人在网上购物，年交易金额高达27万亿元，占全球电子商务交易额的40%。网上购物通常当天或第二天就能收到订购的商品。网购的出现极大地刺激了消费，己成为中国经济增长的主要推手之一。中国为什么会出现新四大发明？答案是创新的结果。中国政府鼓励企业创新，并给予多方面的支持。再过几年，当你们再次访问中国，相信你们将会看到中国更多的新发明。

段落1 在我看来，今天全球化面临的最突出的问题就是包容性不足。有的区域自由贸易安排具有明显的歧视性和排他性。现在我们需要做的是构建起开放、包容的制度安排。中国政府提出“一带一路”倡议，就是要在这方面贡献中国的智慧和力量，促进各国共同发展。段落2 新型全球化应该促进和适应创新。世界经济长远发展的动力源自创新。我们要抓住新一轮产业革命、数字经济带来的机遇，同时也要加强培训，帮助传统产业克服技术革命带来的巨大冲击；加强发展援助和技术转让，帮助穷国跨越“技术鸿沟”。段落3 绿色发展是新型全球化必不可少的条件。过去一个多世纪以来，伴随产业转变带来的污染，发展中国家面临巨大的资源环境压力。环境是发展的基础，不妥善管理环境，经济发展无从谈起；但发展又是环境保护的前提条件，没有经济和社会进步，环境保护也就不可能取得实际的效果。段落4 新型全球化只有在可持续发展的框架下才能实现。我们要在经济发展、消除贫困、环境保护之间保持平衡，推动绿色发展，实现全球经济增长和环境保护的双赢。段落5 对于如何实现这种人们所期望的新型的全球化，不同的人有不同的答案。但是有一条可以肯定，就是新型全球化与保护主义、孤立主义是水火不相容的，各方必须坚持开放发展的原则。无论是发达国家、还是发展中国家，无论是大型跨国公司还是中小企业，都应该参与到全球化的进程中来，分享全球化带来的好处。

段落1 The slowing of China’s economic growth has many causes.In my view，it is a healthy development，resulting from a necessary change in China’s growth model.Since the beginning of China’s growth miracle，a large part of the country’s development has been directed from the center.This top-down approach has focused on heavy industry，infrastructure，and the promotion of exports.This growth model had its roots in central planning，but China also encourages market liberalization and openness to international competition，thus making significant gains in productivity and technological upgrading.This strategy has been incredibly successful：the Chinese economy is two-and-a-half times bigger today than a decade ago. 段落2 However，the top-down strategy has its limits.The share of economic output going into manufacturing，infrastructure，and exports is too large to be sustained，and there is overemphasis on investment and exports rather than on consumption.Recognizing these limits，China is working to make the transition to a bottom-up growth model，focused on the development of service industries，that is，retail trade，health，education，finance，and transportation.Services currently make up about half of the Chinese economy，compared to about four-fifths of the economy of the United States.As productivity in services generally does not grow as quickly as in manufacturing，this transition will involve slower economic growth. 段落3 The experience of some old American industrial cities like Pittsburg offers useful lessons to China as it goes through this crucial economic transition.The economy of Pittsburgh was built on heavy manufacturing，a model that eventually reached its limits.And heavy industry took a heavy toll on its environment.Pittsburgh and other industrial American cities that succeeded in reviving their economies did so primarily by turning from manufacturing to services.In these cities，the government and the private sector worked together to revitalize downtowns，develop tourist attractions and conference facilities，clean up the environment，and improve transportation links and other critical infrastructure，They then attract businesses in clean sectors like medicine，technology，finance，and retail. 段落4 Strengthening education was the key，as it has benefits like attracting and maintaining skilled workforces and setting up high-tech companies.Pittsburgh’s redevelopment was greatly helped by hosting several major universities，particularly the University of Pittsburgh，which led efforts to build research facilities where old factories had once stood.A symbol of Pittsburgh’s transformation is the former U.S.steel building in downtown Pittsburgh，the headquarters of a steel company.It is now the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center，which is the largest employer in the whole region.How can China make a transition to a more service-oriented economy，like Pittsburgh has done?Reducing subsidies to exports and heavy industry，while continuing reforms to make it easier to start new businesses is a critical step.China can also enter into partnerships with foreign companies that can bring essential expertise in various fields. 段落5 Reviving old American industrial cities like Pittsburg offers a useful lesson to China，which is the building of a strong middle class.Middle-class households are the primary market for a wide range of services，from education to healthcare to retail to entertainment.For American cities like Pittsburg，attracting middle-class consumers involved improving public infrastructure and education，reducing crime，and increasing job opportunities.In the case of China，to build a strong middle class，it needs to strengthen the social safety net，as this will give households income security so that they can save less and spend more.It also needs to reduce excessive government regulations and provide more consumer choices.A strong Chinese middle class will stimulate the development of new services and give the bottom-up approach a chance to succeed.

段落1 Looking to the future，I see major changes that could transform the world as we know it.They include robots taking jobs on a widespread scale and rising seas caused by climate change that will flood coastal areas.These changes would create daunting challenges for global leaders.The costs of producing robots have fallen substantially.Robots can perform a wide range of sophisticated functions and are replacing labor in many industries.Automation is already causing many workers in the American manufacturing industries，particularly the auto industry，to lose jobs.I believe that in the not-too-distant future，robots will probably replace people for most of the jobs in the economy. 段落2 Now it is a good time to be a worker if you have special skills or the right education，because you can use technology to create value and increase your earning.However，it is now a bad time to be a worker if you only have ordinary skills，because robots are acquiring these skills at a fast rate，which means you will lose your job.It is estimated that 47 percent of U.S.workers may see their jobs automated over the next 20 years.Right now，healthcare and pensions are paid for through jobs.However，if a significant part of the future population loses jobs because of automation，society will have to find other ways of providing healthcare and pensions.If no other ways are found，those who lose their jobs to robots could cause social and political unrest. 段落3 Turning to climate change，almost all leading scientists believe that global warming is real and will lead to more frequent and severe storms，changes in climate patterns，and higher ocean levels as a result of warming water and the melting of ice on Antarctica.Sea levels will rise at different rates around the world，but most scientists forecast that the sea could rise above current levels by one meter by 2100.In recent decades，an increasing number of people have moved to big coastal cities，and some 600 million people around the world live in costal areas.But rising sea levels caused by climate change pose major risks to some of the globe’s major cities like New York，Boston，Venice and Tokyo.Rising sea levels could put parts of them under water.It would cost several dozen trillion US dollars to relocate millions of people that will be displaced by these rising seas. 段落4 A new potential problem，namely climate change refugees，has raised widespread public concern because many people may have to flee deteriorating home environments caused by higher temperatures，worsening storms，or the rise of sea levels.This would accelerate mass population migration at a time when there is little acceptance of refugees in rich countries.These changes have the potential to transform modern life.Any of the two scenarios I mentioned above could produce tremendous changes and lead to political unrest.Now it is not the time to think small and believe that change will be slow.Rather，leaders need to think big and accept that technological and climate changes will be fast and substantial. 段落5 For these reasons，there needs to be improvements in governance.It is crucial to end the winner-take-all system.If people feel that one social group is earning more than its fair share of economic and political benefits，political and social conflict will intensify.The possibility of resulting local or regional disputes escalating into global ones is real.This makes it imperative for global leaders to create better ways to resolve problems and defuse conflicts.Finding mechanisms to deal with these challenges should be a top priority for the international community.

段落1 很高兴出席非洲孔子学院会议。刚才的开场秀充满了非洲特色，同学们的表演又有很多中国文化元素。大家知道，孔子是中国2000多年前伟大的思想家、教育家。中华文化已有5000多年的历史，举世闻名的“四大发明”造纸术、指南针、火药、印刷术，是推动人类文明进步的伟大创造。段落2 历史上，丝绸之路贯通亚欧，郑和船队远达非洲，带去的不仅是精美的丝绸、瓷器，更是中国人民的友谊。改革开放30多年来，中国文化在非洲国家日益受到欢迎，成为加深中非友谊的桥梁。段落3 去年中国公民赴非旅游超过150万人次。多部中国电视剧在非洲国家播出。近年来，非洲赴华留学生人数年均增长30%以上，不少非洲歌手登上了中国电视舞台，有多位非洲足球运动员来到中国踢球。中非文化因交流而多彩，文化因互鉴而丰富。段落4 孔子学院是中外文化交流互鉴的重要平台。学院以孔子命名，既体现鲜明的中国特征，也承载加强中外文化交流的良好愿望。非洲地区的孔子学院发展迅速，自2005年第一家孔子学院落户肯尼亚以来，已在32个非洲国家建成38所孔子学院和10个孔子课堂。段落5 孔子学院既是海外汉语教学机构，也是向世界介绍中国的重要平台，除了汉语，孔子学院也向当地人民介绍中国文化、历史、思想、风俗习惯。孔子学院的汉语教学基于三个原则：“有用处、有意思、有文化”。

段落1 中国30多年前开始的改革开放同时也就是建立社会主义市场经济的过程。特别是，2001年中国加入世贸组织，是中国从计划经济转向市场经济的关键一年。今年是中国加入世贸组织的15周年，在15年中，中国加大了建立市场经济的力度，取得了巨大的成就。段落2 15年来，中国按照市场经济国家的标准，修改了3000多部中央和地方法律法规，履行加入世贸组织的承诺，将平均关税从15%降到7%，低于世界平均水平。中国向外资开放了100多个经济领域。政府管理更加公开、透明。段落3 特别是，中国政府在2013年郑重承诺，市场在资源配置中将发挥决定性作用。目前，中国在进出口贸易管理方面已完全符合世贸组织的要求。价格是确定一个国家是否实行市场经济的核心要素。在计划经济体制下，中国所有商品价格都由中央政府决定。而中国现在绝大多数商品价格由市场供求关系所决定。段落4 中国已经和亚洲、欧洲、大洋洲和拉美的20多个国家签订了自由贸易协定。中国在推进市场为导向的改革方面所取得的成就己为世界多数国家所公认。已经有80多个国家承认中国的完全市场经济地位。但有一些发达国家拒不履行对世贸组织的义务，无视中国市场经济的现实，不承认中国的市场经济地位。段落5 他们的这种做法违背了世贸组织的原则，是贸易保护主义的一种新的表现形式。中国的市场经济地位是任何人都无法否定的。中国坚决反对这些国家变相搞贸易保护主义的做法，已经根据世贸组织的有关规定采取了相应措施，以保护其自身利益。我们强烈要求这些国家尽快承认现实，改变它们的错误政策。

段落1 Seventeen years into the new century，we all eagerly look forward to a world with no war.Yet when we look back，we see a spreading global violence that has come to threaten the very foundation of our international system.More people fled their home countries last year than at any other time in our historical records.Around the world，almost 60 million have been displaced by conflicts and wars.Nearly 20 million of them are refugees，and more than half are children.Their numbers are growing and accelerating，every single day，on every continent.As I speak to you，more refugees from Syria are fleeing to Europe，and this has triggered a humanitarian crisis not seen since the end of World War II. 段落2 These refugees rely on us，members of the international community，for their survival and hope.They will not forget what we do.Yet，even as this tragedy unfolds，some of the countries most able to help are shutting their gates to people seeking asylum.Borders are closing，refugees are being pushed back，and hostility is rising.Many humanitarian organizations run on tight budgets，unable to meet the spiraling needs of such a huge number of victims.We have reached a moment of truth.This unprecedented humanitarian crisis could cause world stability to fall apart.Yet many countries have become either passive observers or distant players in the conflicts driving so many innocent civilians from their homes.As this humanitarian disaster unfolds，it is urgent for all the countries with leverage over the parties to these conflicts to put aside their differences and come together to create the conditions for ending the crisis. 段落3 But in the meantime，the international community must collectively shoulder the burden of helping the victims of war.It is simply not acceptable for the international community to stand by as less wealthy countries like Turkey，Lebanon and Jordan which host a great part of refugees in the Middle East become overwhelmed and unstable.Since the beginning of civilizations，we have considered refugees as deserving our protection.Whatever our differences，we have a fundamental obligation to shelter those fleeing from wars and confiicts. 段落4 Yet today，some of the wealthiest countries are challenging this ancient principle，casting refugees as just job seekers or terrorists.This is a dangerous course of action，short-sighted，morally wrong，and，in some cases，in breach of international law and obligations.It is time for these countries to stop hiding behind closed doors.Rich nations must recognize refugees for what they are，namely，victims fleeing from wars they are unable to prevent or stop.The wealthy countries must decide on whether to shoulder their fair share of responsibility，at home and abroad，or to hide behind walls as a growing anarchy spreads across the world. 段落5 For us all，the choice is clear：either allow the cancer of forced displacement to spread untreated，or manage the crisis together.We have the solutions and the expertise.It won’t be easy，but it will be worth it.History has shown that reaching our hands to victims of wars and conflicts will create goodwill and prosperity for generations.The international community needs to renew its commitment to the 1951 Refugee Convention and its principles that require us to help refugees.We are duty-bound.We should offer safe harbor，both in our own countries and in the epicenters of the crises and help refugees restore their lives.We must not fail in this common endeavor.

段落1 Recently，there has been growing attention to the concept of open innovation，both among research institutions and the business community.What is open innovation？This is what I am going to address at today’s forum.As new start-up companies enter the market in large numbers，existing companies have to work harder to retain customers.So what is the answer for companies feeling the pressure？It is a new business model whereby companies use external technology，solutions and knowledge from start-ups，universities and other research organizations early in their innovation process.This concept allows companies to bring in new ideas quickly，to enhance their competitiveness.It can also save time and money. 段落2 This concept is open innovation，which means shifting from a model of closed innovation toward a more open way of innovating.Traditionally，new business development processes and the creating of new products took place within the boundary of a company itself.However，several factors have weakened closed innovation.First of all，the mobility of highly educated company employees has increased over the years.As a result，large amounts of new knowledge and expertise exist on the open market.When employees get jobs in other companies，they take their knowledge with them，and this enables knowledge to flow between companies. 段落3 Second，the availability of venture capital on the market has increased significantly，which makes it possible for good ideas and technologies to be further developed outside a company through licensing agreements.As a result，companies have started to look for new ways to increase the effectiveness of their innovation processes outside their boundaries.They actively search for new technologies outside of the firm and engage in cooperation with suppliers and even competitors，to create customer value.Another important reason is that a company wants to sell to other companies technologies it has developed that do not fit the development strategy of itself. 段落4 What，then，does open innovation mean for Chinese companies？In the first place，the shift that I have described means that Chinese companies have to become aware of the increasing importance of open innovation.The concept of open innovation is based on the following principles：If you can acquire the best ideas in an open market environment，you will win.External research and development in many cases can create greater value than internal research and development.A company doesn’t have to originate research when the technology you want is available in the open market.Leading companies around the world are already using the concept of open innovation，because they realize that bringing in new ideas from small businesses is much smarter than fighting them.The value of collaboration exceeds the threat of sharing information. 段落5 Naturally，open innovation requires careful planning.Cultural differences，technological risks and security concerns can stifle open innovation.So it needs to be pursued in the right way.This involves collaborating with bridge makers，which can bring good ideas from start-ups and universities to companies that need them.They can also serve as buffer between partners with conflicting cultures，provide support in mitigating risk and assist in deploying technologies. 段落6 My company is such a bridge maker.We have rich experience in promoting open innovation，and we are uniquely positioned to assist Chinese companies in achieving open innovation by lowering their risk and improving success.For example，we have helped a major Chinese company adopt a long-term open innovation strategy by identifying and introducing the emerging technologies that suit its business model.We are ready to share our business experience and expertise with Chinese companies，and I am sure this will help you stay ahead of others in the fierce international market.

段落1 当前世界经济增长乏力，这是我们中外学者都同意的一致看法。但是出席今天研讨会的一位外国经济学家称，这是由于中国增长放缓，需求不足而造成的。他甚至说，中国经济感冒了，世界经济就得病了。我的看法正相反。正是由于中国经济仍保持了强劲的增长，世界经济才没有出现负增长。段落2 统计数字表明，中国对全球经济增长所做贡献居全球之首。2009至2014年的5年里，中国对世界经济增长的贡献率超过30%，高于同期美国的18%。中国经济的总量己超过10万亿美元，居世界第二。去年中国经济增长幅度为7%。这是一个什么概念呢？它意味着去年中国经济的净增量就超过了世界上第17大经济体西班牙全年的GDP。这种强劲增长推动了中国外贸的高速增长，推动了全球贸易的增长。段落3 2014年，我国进出口总额达到了4.3万亿美元，占全球贸易额的12%，这使中国成为全球第一大贸易国。同一年中国的进口额达到了2.34万亿美元，超过了出口。这是中国在国际市场需求强劲的重要标志。中国己成为120多个国家的最大贸易伙伴。中国的进口，从电脑芯片、原油、飞机到大豆、食品和葡萄酒，都极大刺激了这些国家的出口。段落4 2014年，中国对外直接投资达到了1230亿美元，同比增长14%，创造了历史记录，已经连续三年名列世界第三。中国的对外投资为所在国创造了几百万个就业机会，这是中国对全球经济复苏的又一重要贡献。几年来，中国游客到海外旅游出现了爆发性的增长，也极大促进了当地经济发展。去年，去海外旅游的中国游客人数已超过一亿人，居全球之首。中国游客的海外旅游消费连续三年居世界第一，占全球旅游收入的11%。所有这些都说明，中国近年来己成为全球经济增长的最重要推手，这是我们都应该看到的事实。

段落1 1995年联合国在北京举办第四次妇女大会，这的确是一个值得纪念的时刻。中国政府高度重视妇女事业，把男女平等确定为促进我国社会发展的一项基本国策。中国已故领导人毛泽东就有一句名言：妇女撑起半边天。下面，我从几个方面向大家介绍一下20多年来中国在推动性别平等和妇女发展方面所取得的重大进展。段落2 首先，中国目前已建立了以宪法为基础的保护妇女权益的法律体系，通过了妇女权益保障法，有20多部法律有保护妇女权益的内容。这些法律为推动妇女发展提供了有力的法律保障。现在，中国适龄女童的小学入学率达到了99.8%，实现了联合国所确定的目标。大学女生入学率达到了52%，超过了男生，也超过了国际标准。段落3 中国妇女的社会和政治地位不断提高。公务员中女性的比例已达到48%。妇女平等就业的权利也得到了保障。2013年，中国女性就业占就业总数的45%。中国政府发放了2000多亿元人民币优惠贷款，帮助1000多万名妇女自助就业。中国妇女健康水平不断提高。妇女平均预期寿命2010年达到77岁，比2000年提高4岁，比男性高5岁。段落4 另一方面，中国在保护妇女权益方面也面临着一些困难和挑战。例如，有些农村家庭更愿意生男孩，导致男女性别失衡。在一些企业，特别是私营企业中，还存在着男女同工不同酬的问题。家庭暴力在某些地方仍然存在。中国政府高度重视解决这些问题。例如，中国首部反家庭暴力法已开始生效。中国也将加强妇女方面的国际交流与合作，积极参与联合国妇女事务，为全球性别平等事业做出更大贡献。

段落1 The torrent of innovation and entrepreneurship sweeping China has become a new engine fueling China’s economic growth，and in this process capital has played an indispensable role.People asked me which areas will create new leaders and therefore attract more attention from investors？Well，I think there are indeed industrial leaders in almost every visible segment.But when it comes to the new economy，newcomers always stand a chance of defeating those first arrivals.From my point of view，opportunities exist in at least three areas. 段落2 First，there are plenty of opportunities in a niche market.For instance，JD.com is a leading general E-commerce website，but there are many other E-commerce platforms focused on selling one particular type of product such as cosmetics or baby products.Second，opportunities exist along the industrial chain of E-commerce.Take Amazon，for example，it’s a business-to-customer website，where third-party sellers are invited to open stores.Solving cross-border logistics problems such as customs，storage，logistics and supply chains for Amazon sellers could be a huge business. 段落3 Third，with the advent of the mobile internet era，new location-based and social-based opportunities will pop up.For example，taxi-hailing apps Uber，Didi Dache and Kuaidi Dache are areas that internet giants once overlooked or failed to cover.Investment opportunities in TMT（telecommunications，media and technology）will exist in at least the above-mentioned three areas.New areas such as big data and cloud computing will churn out plenty of opportunities as well.These are all investment directions for us，with unlimited room for development. 段落4 To answer the question of what new businesses I’m interested in，personally，I favor three types of business start-ups-those with a hi-tech barrier，those with an innovation business model and those with established skills in a certain segment.The first and third types are easy to understand，but the second one could be a little tricky.Basically，a company has to create a completely new model to enter a potentially huge market.I would be really interested in this kind of business start-up. 段落5 People ask，when a revenue is absent at the early stage，how can you tell whether a company is worth investing in？I think a sound and good revenue is an essential issue in the investment world，but it is often a paradox，in both the Chinese and U.S.markets.Many internet giants either didn’t have one clear revenue model at the early stage，or had one but changed to a different model as it grew.By virtue of this paradox，we should never rule out a project arbitrarily when its revenue model is absent or unclear. 段落6 This is，of course，the difficult part for a venture capitalist，but is also the most attractive part of the job.And it is a must-have quality in the investment world.That’s what sorts out outstanding professional venture capitalists from lame ones.As a matter of fact，the management team matters more at the early stage.I believe that an excellent team has a strong ability to cash in on what it has to offer.It can take the company to success. 段落7 Some people say there are bubbles in the technology industry in China，and the bubbles may soon burst.Well，I think bubbles in this area are quite obvious.The valuation of some tech firms is too high.Meanwhile，whenever a new concept appears within a sector，it quickly becomes very crowded，with intensifying or even cut-throat competition.As a result，both investors and entrepreneurs become more anxious.This was the case especially during 2014.But the market has restored some of its rationality since 2015.Overheating does exist in the venture capital market.It’s mostly because there’s too much hot money available in the market，but not so many investment channels.

段落1 We have come together to lend our voices to the growing global effort to combat the illegal wildlife trade-a trade that has reached such unprecedented levels of killing and related violence that it poses a grave threat not only to the survival of some of the world’s most treasured species，but also to economic and political stability in many areas around the world.I have said before that we must treat the illegal wildlife trade as a battle，because the rising and insatiable demand has provided an economic incentive for trafficking of wild animals.It has become increasingly criminalized and professional. 段落2 Organized bands of criminals are stealing and slaughtering elephants，thinos and tigers，as well as large numbers of other species，in a way that has never been seen before，pushing many species to the brink of extinction.They are taking these animals using the sophisticated weapons of war-assault rifles，silencers，night vision equipment，and helicopters.Unarmed park rangers are no match for these organized gangs and high-powered equipment.Tragically，many brave rangers have lost their lives while trying to save those animals. 段落3 I hope you share my belief that it is shocking that future generations may know a world without these magnificent animals and the habitats upon which they depend.This year，I have become even more devoted to protecting the resources of the earth for not only my own son but also the other children of his generation to enjoy.I want them to be able to experience the same Africa that I did as a child.It is，of course，even more important for each child growing up in countries where these animals live.It is nothing less than immoral that they are losing their birth right to fuel the greed of international criminals. 段落4 My profound belief is that humanity is less than humanity without the rest of creation.The destruction of these endangered species will diminish us all.Allow me just to give you some sense of the scale of the problem with a few staggering numbers：More than 30，000 elephants were killed last year-amounting to nearly 100 deaths per day.In the past 10 years，62 percent of African forest elephants have been lost.If this rate continues，the forest elephant will be extinct within 10 years.As recently as 100 years ago，there were as many as 100，000 wild tigers living in Asia.Today，it is believed there are fewer than 3，200 left in the wild. 段落5 Despite the terrible crisis that we face，we continue to be optimistic that the tide can be reversed.We have been impressed by the brilliant work already being done on the ground to improve enforcement and in consumer countries to stop the demand for wildlife products.We are also extremely encouraged that this issue is starting to receive the attention it deserves at the highest levels of governments.It is especially heartening that many African leaders are proactively developing plans of action and seeking solutions. 段落6 We are hopeful that this meeting will lead to tangible results on the ground.Neither governments，international organizations，nor private companies can tackle this enormous task alone.It will take action from all of us to beat back this highly organized criminal activity.In the face of such a threat，it is natural to feel powerless，but I have seen the extraordinary impact of advances in protection on the ground and the power of social media in reducing demand for these products.Each one of us can help by raising our voices to support them.We have to be the generation that stops the illegal wildlife trade and secures the future of these magnificent animals and their habitats，for if we fail，it will be too late.

段落1 最近几年来，中国经济增长速度放慢。为了解决这一问题，中国政府在2015年提出了推进供给侧改革的方针。国际社会对此高度关注，但也出现了一些误解。中国为什么要推出这一政策？段落2 我想强调的是，中国现在所推行的供给侧改革和上世纪80年代美国和英国搞的供给侧经济学是完全不一样的。美国推行供给侧经济学的主要做法是大规模减税，英国推行供给侧经济学的做法是对国有企业进行私有化。而中国推行的供给侧改革所要解决的问题和手段完全不同。段落3 中国经济当前面临的最大挑战是，所有生产领域内都存在产能过剩的问题，钢铁和煤炭行业尤为突出。2015年，中国的钢铁产量超过8亿吨，煤炭产量接近40亿吨，都远远大于需求。这导致这两个行业亏损严重，占用和浪费了大量资源和能源，削弱了中国经济的总体效益。但另一方面，中国又存在有效供给严重不足的问题。比如，消费者需要高端、高质量的消费品，但国内又满足不了，结果出现了大量中国人到国外购物，买电饭锅甚至抽水马桶的现象。仅2015年一年，中国游客在海外花了2000多亿美元购买消费品。段落4 所以，中国推行供给侧改革，就是要减少过剩的生产能力，同时增加有效供给。今后5年内，中国将减少钢铁生产能力1.5亿吨，减少煤炭生产能力5亿吨。同时，中国政府推出了一系列措施，鼓励企业创新，生产消费者所需要的高端产品，今年在这方面投入的资金将超过500亿美元。中国政府也将积极增加医疗、教育、养老、旅游等领域的有效供给。我确信，采取这些措施将确保中国经济长期稳定的发展。

段落1 人类与自然共同组成世界。人类是自然孕育的精华，自然是人类生存的环境。人类如果对自然进行破坏式的利用和改造，自然也必然还给人类报复式的惩罚。自从世界大规模的工业化以来，人类生产的物质财富前所未有地增长，同时，自然生态和资源环境也受到了前所未有的破坏。历史和现实都警示我们：人类必须自觉地与自然友好相处，人类的发展必须与生态的发展平衡共进。段落2 平衡推进经济发展、社会进步、环境保护是实现可持续发展的关键。我们要坚持在发展中保护、在保护中发展，把良好的生态环境作为公共产品向全民提供。各国实践表明，经济发展与环境保护的矛盾并非不可调和，关键要有科学发展、绿色发展的思路，尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，走出一条生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。段落3 我们现在面对的是一个已经遭到破坏的自然。“亡羊补牢，犹为未晚。”面对不断恶化的生态环境，我们必须及时采取补救措施。瑞士日内瓦湖曾受过严重污染，经过积极治理和严格保护，今天变成了阿尔卑斯山脉的一颗自然明珠。本世纪以来，中国大力实施退耕还林工程，2500多万公顷的荒地、山地重新披上了绿装。这就启示我们，当前应将生态环境修复作为重大基础工程，摆在经济社会发展的突出位置来抓。段落4 资源开发是大规模工业化的基础，但过度开发和低效利用是生态环境恶化的重要根源。据联合国粮农组织统计，全球粮食在生产、流通和消费环节每年浪费13亿吨，无效耗用的水资源相当于伏尔加河年流量的3倍。通过改革推动生态资源利用方式的全面转变，通过制度和技术创新实现节约型的生产和消费，是当前各国面临的紧迫任务。